Rapid bioconcentration of steroids in the plasma of 2 sticklebacks ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) exposed to water -
نویسندگان
چکیده
23 This study investigated the relationship over time between the concentrations 24 of two steroids, singly and in combination, in a static exposure system and in the 25 blood of sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, held within the exposure system. 26 Groups of sticklebacks were exposed (nominally) to either 1000 ng l 17ß-estradiol 27 (E2), Testosterone (T) or E2 & T in combination at the same concentrations for 6 28 days. Both water and fish were sampled at intervals and steroid concentrations in 29 both compartments were determined. The plasma steroid time profile revealed a 30 rapid bioconcentration within the first 6 hours of exposure. The plasma steroid levels 31 attained at this time point (20 – 90 ng ml) were up to 50-fold (E2) and 200-fold (T) 32 greater than the actual levels of steroid measured in the exposure water, while levels 33 in the blood of control fish did not exceed 4 ng ml. The substantial elevation of 34 plasma steroid levels relative to the concentrations of steroid to which the fish were 35 exposed in the ambient water gives scope for delivery of the steroids to target 36 endocrine tissues at levels far in excess of what might be predicted on the basis of 37 passive branchial uptake alone. These results are discussed in relation to endocrine 38 disruption, and in particular the occurrence of effects in fish exposed to levels of 39 endocrine active substances (EAS) that are seemingly physiologically irrelevant. 40
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تاریخ انتشار 2006